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Compare San Marino (2002) - Norway (2004)

Compare San Marino (2002) z Norway (2004)

 San Marino (2002)Norway (2004)
 San MarinoNorway
Administrative divisions 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle 19 counties (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold
Age structure 0-14 years: 16.1% (male 2,300; female 2,161)


15-64 years: 67.5% (male 9,102; female 9,625)


65 years and over: 16.4% (male 1,956; female 2,586) (2002 est.)
0-14 years: 19.8% (male 462,899; female 440,725)


15-64 years: 65.4% (male 1,520,481; female 1,473,101)


65 years and over: 14.8% (male 284,170; female 393,184) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish
Airports none (2001) 101 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 65


2,438 to 3,047 m: 13


1,524 to 2,437 m: 12


914 to 1,523 m: 14


under 914 m: 26 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 36


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 29 (2004 est.)
Area total: 61.2 sq km


land: 61.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 324,220 sq km


land: 307,860 sq km


water: 16,360 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC slightly larger than New Mexico
Background The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. Two centuries of Viking raids into Europe tapered off following the adoption of Christianity by King Olav TRYGGVASON in 994. Conversion of the Norwegian kingdom occurred over the next several decades. In 1397, Norway was absorbed into a union with Denmark that was to last for more than four centuries. In 1814, Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution. Sweden then invaded Norway but agreed to let Norway keep its constitution in return for accepting the union under a Swedish king. Rising nationalism throughout the 19th century led to a 1905 referendum granting Norway independence. Although Norway remained neutral in World War I, it suffered heavy losses to its shipping. Norway proclaimed its neutrality at the outset of World War II, but was nonetheless occupied for five-years by Nazi Germany (1940-45). In 1949, neutrality was abandoned and Norway became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. The current focus is on containing spending on the extensive welfare system and planning for the time when petroleum reserves are depleted. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU.
Birth rate 10.64 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 11.89 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $400 million


expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $129.8 billion


expenditures: $105.5 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Capital San Marino Oslo
Climate Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 21,925 km (includes mainland 3,419 km, large islands 2,413 km, long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 16,093 km)
Constitution 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution 17 May 1814, modified in 1884
Country name conventional long form: Republic of San Marino


conventional short form: San Marino


local long form: Repubblica di San Marino


local short form: San Marino
conventional long form: Kingdom of Norway


conventional short form: Norway


local long form: Kongeriket Norge


local short form: Norge
Currency euro (EUR); Italian lira (ITL) Norwegian krone (NOK)
Death rate 7.79 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 9.51 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $NA $0 (Norway is a net external creditor) (2003 est.)
Dependent areas - Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino chief of mission: Ambassador John D. ONG


embassy: Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo


mailing address: PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707


telephone: [47] (22) 44 85 50


FAX: [47] (22) 44 33 63
Diplomatic representation in the US San Marino does not have an embassy in the US


honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC and New York


honorary consulate(s): Detroit and Honolulu
chief of mission: Ambassador Knut VOLLEBAEK


chancery: 2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 333-6000


FAX: [1] (202) 337-0870


consulate(s) general: Houston, Miami, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco
Disputes - international none Norway asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land and its continental shelf); despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway continue to dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $1.4 billion (1998)
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises). The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil production and international oil prices, with oil and gas accounting for one-third of exports. Only Saudi Arabia and Russia export more oil than Norway. Norway opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994. The government has moved ahead with privatization. With arguably the highest quality of life worldwide, Norwegians still worry about that time in the next two decades when the oil and gas begin to run out. Accordingly, Norway has been saving its oil-boosted budget surpluses in a Government Petroleum Fund, which is invested abroad and now is valued at more than $43 billion. GDP growth was a lackluster 1% in 2002 and 0.5% in 2003 against the background of a faltering European economy.
Electricity - consumption 184.5 million kWh (2000) 115.3 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh


note: electric power supplied by Italy (1999)
7.162 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 185 kWh


note: electricity supplied by Italy (2000)
10.76 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 0 kWh 120.1 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m


highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
Environment - current issues NA water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Sammarinese, Italian Norwegian, Sami 20,000
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997) Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Giuseppe Maria MORGANTI and Captain Regent Mauro CHIARUZZI (for the period 1 October 2002-31 March 2003)


head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 17 December 2002)


cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term


elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 2002 (next to be held NA April 2003); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 17 December 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007)


election results: Giuseppe Maria MORGANTI and Mauro CHIARUZZI reelected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - 40%


note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are ten secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister
chief of state: King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of the monarch (born 20 July 1973)


head of government: Prime Minister Kjell Magne BONDEVIK (since 19 October 2001)


cabinet: State Council appointed by the monarch with the approval of Parliament


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the Parliament
Exports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy 3.466 million bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish
Exports - partners - UK 21.3%, Germany 13%, Netherlands 9.6%, US 8.7%, France 8.2%, Sweden 7.4% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)
GDP purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $171.7 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 2.5%


industry: 36.2%


services: 61.2% (2003)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $34,600 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $37,800 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 7.5% (2001 est.) 0.6% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 43 46 N, 12 25 E 62 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography - note landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world
Heliports - 1 (2003 est.)
Highways total: 220 km


paved: 220 km


unpaved: 0 km (2001)
total: 91,454 km


paved: 69,505 km (including 143 km of expressways)


unpaved: 21,949 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: 4.1%


highest 10%: 21.8% (1995)
Imports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy 88,870 bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities wide variety of consumer manufactures, food machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners - Sweden 16.1%, Germany 13.3%, Denmark 7.9%, UK 7.2%, US 5.2%, Netherlands 4.5%, China 4.4%, France 4.3%, Italy 4% (2003)
Independence 3 September 301 7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union)
Industrial production growth rate 6% (1997 est.) -3.5% (2003 est.)
Industries tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing
Infant mortality rate 6.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) total: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.11 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.3% (2001) 2.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, ESA, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (guest), NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 1,270 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the monarch)
Labor force 18,500 (1999) (1999) 2.38 million (2003 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 57%, industry 42%, agriculture 1% (2000 est.) agriculture, forestry, and fishing 4%, industry 22%, services 74% (1995)
Land boundaries total: 39 km


border countries: Italy 39 km
total: 2,551 km


border countries: Finland 736 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km
Land use arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 83.33% (1998 est.)
arable land: 2.87%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.13% (2001)
Languages Italian Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official)


note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Legal system based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 10 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 24.2%, PD 20.8%, APDS 8.2%, RC 3.4%, AN 1.9%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 15, PD 12, APDS 5, RC 2, AN 1
modified unicameral Parliament or Storting (165 seats; members are elected by popular vote by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 10 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - Labor Party 24.3%, Conservative Party 21.2%, Progress Party 14.6%, Socialist Left Party 12.5%, Christian People's Party 12.4%, Center Party 5.6%, Liberal Party 3.9%, Coastal Party 1.7%, other 3.8%; seats by party - Labor Party 43, Conservative Party 38, Progress Party 26, Socialist Left Party 23, Christian People's Party 22, Center Party 10, Liberal Party 2, Coastal Party 1


note: for certain purposes, the Parliament divides itself into two chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership to an upper house or Lagting
Life expectancy at birth total population: 81.33 years


male: 77.79 years


female: 85.18 years (2002 est.)
total population: 79.25 years


male: 76.64 years


female: 82.01 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 96%


male: 97%


female: 95% (1976 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 100%


male: NA


female: NA
Location Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden
Map references Europe Europe
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 693 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 18,820,495 GRT/27,449,456 DWT


by type: bulk 62, cargo 128, chemical tanker 124, combination bulk 7, combination ore/oil 32, container 15, liquefied gas 84, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger 6, petroleum tanker 113, refrigerated cargo 5, roll on/roll off 48, short-sea/passenger 22, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 43


foreign-owned: Cyprus 3, Denmark 23, Estonia 2, Germany 12, Greece 15, Hong Kong 1, Iceland 2, Japan 10, Lithuania 1, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 1, Monaco 33, Poland 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 12, Sweden 31, United Kingdom 4, United States 5


registered in other countries: 695 (2004 est.)
Military branches Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar), Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial duties and limited police assistance Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy (including Coast Artillery and Coast Guard), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret, RNoAF), Home Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $700,000 (FY00/01) $4,033.5 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 1.9% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,106,484 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 916,155 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 27,252 (2004 est.)
National holiday Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) Constitution Day, 17 May (1814)
Nationality noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)


adjective: Sammarinese
noun: Norwegian(s)


adjective: Norwegian
Natural hazards NA rockslides, avalanches
Natural resources building stone petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrites, nickel, fish, timber, hydropower
Net migration rate 11.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) 1.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 411 km; gas 6,199 km; oil 2,213 km; oil/gas/water 746 km; unknown (oil/water) 38 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [leader NA]; Party of Democrats or PD [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Romeo RIORRI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] Center Party [Aslaug Marie HAGA]; Christian People's Party [Dagfinn HOYBRATEN]; Coastal Party [Steinar BASTESEN]; Conservative Party [Erna SOLBERG]; Labor Party [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party [Carl I. HAGEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 27,730 (July 2002 est.) 4,574,560 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate 1.41% (2002 est.) 0.41% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none Bergen, Drammen, Floro, Hammerfest, Harstad, Haugesund, Kristiansand, Larvik, Narvik, Oslo, Porsgrunn, Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios 16,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore total: 4,077 km


standard gauge: 4,077 km 1.435-m gauge (2,518 km electrified) (2003)
Religions Roman Catholic Evangelical Lutheran 86% (state church), other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, other 1%, none and unknown 10% (1997)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate connections


domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system


international: connected to Italian international network
general assessment: modern in all respects; one of the most advanced telecommunications networks in Europe


domestic: Norway has a domestic satellite system; moreover, the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of cellular mobile systems instead of fixed-wire systems


international: country code - 47; 2 buried coaxial cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) (1999)
Telephones - main lines in use 18,000 (1998) 3.343 million (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3,010 (1998) 4,163,400 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain rugged mountains glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north
Total fertility rate 1.3 children born/woman (2002 est.) 1.78 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 2.6% (2001) 4.7% (2003 est.)
Waterways none -
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